Muri iki gihe isi yateye imbere mu nganda, kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ikirere byarushijeho kuba ingorabahizi kubera ko ihumana ry’ikirere ryangiza ubuzima bw’abantu. Kugirango ukurikirane neza kandi utezimbere ubwiza bwikirere, abahanga basesengura ibipimo bitanu byingenzi:Dioxyde de carbone (CO2),ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe,ibinyabuzima bihindagurika (VOC),formaldehyde, naibintu bito (PM). Iyi ngingo iragaragaza ingaruka zabyo ku bwiza bw’ikirere n’ubuzima rusange mu gihe zitanga ingamba zo kugabanya umwanda no kuzamura ibidukikije.
1.Dioxyde de Carbone (CO2)- Inkota y'amaharakubiri
Incamake:
CO2 ni gaze itagira ibara, idafite impumuro isanzwe igaragara mubidukikije. Inkomoko yacyo ituruka ku gutwika amavuta y’ibinyabuzima hamwe n’inganda kugeza guhumeka kwabantu n’inyamaswa. Ahantu hafungiye, inzu ya CO2 ikunze kwiyongera kubera guhumeka gake hamwe no gutura cyane.
Akamaro:
Nubwo urugero rwa CO2 ruto ntacyo rwangiza, kwibanda cyane birashobora kwimura ogisijeni kandi biganisha ku bimenyetso nko kubabara umutwe, umunaniro, no kutibanda ku ntego. Nka gaze ya parike, CO2 nayo igira uruhare mubushyuhe bwisi, byongera imihindagurikire y’ikirere ndetse n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Kugenzura urwego rwa CO2 bigirira akamaro ubuzima bwabantu nibidukikije.
2.Ubushyuhe n'ubukonje- Abashinzwe ibidukikije kubuzima
Incamake:
Ubushyuhe bugaragaza ubushyuhe bwo mu kirere, mu gihe ubuhehere bupima ibirimo ubuhehere. Byombi bigira ingaruka nziza muburyo bwo mu nzu no mu kirere.
Akamaro:
Ubushyuhe bwiza nubushuhe bwiza bishyigikira imikorere yumubiri, nko kugenzura ubushyuhe no guhumeka neza. Ariko, gukabya birashobora gukurura ibibazo byubuzima nkubushyuhe cyangwa indwara zubuhumekero. Byongeye kandi, ubushyuhe bwinshi nubushuhe byorohereza kurekura ibintu byangiza nka formaldehyde, byongera ingaruka ziterwa n’ikirere. Kugumana ubushyuhe nubushuhe bukwiye ningirakamaro muguhumuriza no kugabanya umwanda.
3.Ibinyabuzima bihindagurika (VOC)- Ibihumanya bihumanya mu nzu
Incamake:
VOC ni imiti ishingiye kuri karubone, harimo benzene na toluene, akenshi bisohoka mu marangi, ibikoresho, n'ibikoresho byo kubaka. Guhindagurika kwabo kubafasha gukwirakwira mu kirere cyoroshye.
Akamaro:
Kumara igihe kinini uhura na VOC birashobora gutera umutwe, isesemi, umwijima nimpyiko, indwara zifata ubwonko, ndetse na kanseri. Kugenzura ingufu za VOC ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw’abaturage no kuzamura ikirere cy’imbere.
4.Formaldehyde (HCHO)- Iterabwoba ritagaragara
Incamake:
Formaldehyde, gaze itagira ibara ifite impumuro nziza, ikunze kuboneka mubikoresho byubwubatsi, ibikoresho byo mu nzu, hamwe nibifatika. Nibyuka bihumanya ikirere murugo kubera uburozi na kanseri.
Akamaro:
Ndetse no kwibanda cyane, kwa fordehide irashobora kurakaza amaso, izuru, numuhogo, bigatera kubura amahwemo n'indwara z'ubuhumekero. Kugenzura no kugabanya urwego rwa fordehide ni ngombwa kugirango habeho umutekano murugo.
5.Ikintu Cyihariye (PM)- Umwanda uhumanya ikirere
Incamake:
Ikintu cyihariye, harimo PM10 na PM2.5, kigizwe nuduce twahagaritswe bikomeye cyangwa amazi mu kirere. Inkomoko zirimo ibyuka bihumanya inganda, ibinyabiziga bisohoka, nibikorwa byubwubatsi.
Akamaro:
PM, cyane cyane PM2.5, irashobora kwinjira cyane mu bihaha no mu maraso, bigatera ibibazo by'ubuhumekero, indwara z'umutima n'imitsi, ndetse na kanseri. Kugabanya urwego rwa PM ni ngombwa mu kurinda ubuzima no kurushaho kugaragara mu mijyi.
Akamaro ko gukurikirana ikirere
01、Kurinda ubuzima:Igenzura ryerekana urwego rwanduye, rufasha gutabara mugihe cyo kugabanya ingaruka zubuzima.
02、Kuyobora kurwanya umwanda:Amakuru ashyigikira ibikorwa bigamije, nko gukoresha ingufu zisukuye no kuzamura amabwiriza y’ibidukikije.
03、Guteza imbere Ubushakashatsi:Igenzura ritanga amakuru yo kwiga uburyo bw’umwanda, kunoza ikoranabuhanga rya mituweli, no kumenyesha politiki.
04、Guteza imbere iterambere rirambye:Umwuka mwiza uzamura imijyi, ukurura impano nishoramari mugihe uzamura ubukungu.
Ingamba eshanu zingenzi zogutezimbere ikirere
01、Kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere:
- Inzibacyuho yingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nkizuba n umuyaga.
- Kunoza ingufu zingirakamaro mubikorwa no gukoresha buri munsi.
- Kwemeza imikorere yubukungu buzenguruka kugirango ugabanye umutungo.
02、Kugenzura Ubushyuhe n'Ubushuhe:
- Koresha ubukonje hamwe na dehumidifiers kugirango ugumane urwego rwiza.
- Kuzamura ibishushanyo mbonera byo guhumeka bisanzwe.
03、Urwego rwo hasi rwa VOC na Formaldehyde Urwego:
- Hitamo ibikoresho bike-VOC mugihe cyo kubaka no kuvugurura.
- Ongera umwuka cyangwa ukoreshe ibyuma bisukura umwuka kugirango ugabanye kwirundanyiriza mu nzu.
05、Mugabanye Ikintu Cyihariye:
- Shyira mu bikorwa tekinoroji yo gutwika.
- Kugenzura ahazubakwa ivumbi n’ibyuka byoherezwa mu muhanda.
06、Kugenzura Ubuziranenge bw'ikirere buri gihe:
- Koresha ibikoresho byo gukurikirana kugirango umenye ibintu byangiza vuba.
- Shishikariza abaturage kwitabira kubungabunga umwuka mwiza ahantu hasangiwe.
Ingamba eshanu zingenzi zogutezimbere ikirere
Kuzamura ireme ry’ikirere bisaba imbaraga rusange, uhereye kugenzura umwanda ukageza ku bikorwa birambye. Umwuka mwiza ntabwo urinda ubuzima rusange gusa ahubwo unatezimbere uburinganire bwibidukikije niterambere ryigihe kirekire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2025