Igipimo cy'udukoko tw'umwuka

Ibintu bya particulate (PM) ni ihumana ry’uduce duto, rikorwa mu buryo bwinshi bushobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bya tekiniki cyangwa ibya chimique. Ubusanzwe, ubumenyi bw’ibidukikije bwagabanyijemo uduce duto mu matsinda abiri y’ingenzi PM10 na PM2.5.

PM10 ni uduce turi hagati ya mikoroni 2.5 na 10 (micrometero) z'umurambararo (umusatsi w'umuntu ufite umurambararo wa mikoroni 60). PM2.5 ni uduce duto kurusha mikoroni 2.5. PM2.5 na PM10 bifite imiterere itandukanye kandi bishobora guturuka ahantu hatandukanye. Uko agace gato gashobora kumara igihe kinini gahagaze mu kirere mbere yo kwimuka. PM2.5 ishobora kuguma mu kirere kuva ku masaha kugeza ku byumweru kandi ikagenda intera ndende cyane kuko ari nto kandi yoroheje.

PM2.5 ishobora kugera mu bice byimbitse cyane (alveolar) by'ibihaha iyo umwuka uhindagurika hagati y'umwuka n'amaraso yawe. Utu duce ni two duteje akaga cyane kuko igice cy'alveolar cy'ibihaha nta buryo bwiza bwo kubikuraho kandi niba utwo duce dushonga mu mazi, dushobora kwinjira mu maraso mu minota mike. Iyo tudashonga mu mazi, tuguma mu gice cy'alveolar cy'ibihaha igihe kirekire. Iyo utwo duce duto twinjiye cyane mu bihaha tugafatwa, ibi bishobora gutera indwara z'ibihaha, emphysema na/cyangwa kanseri y'ibihaha mu bihe bimwe na bimwe.

Ingaruka nyamukuru zijyanye no guhura n’udukoko dushobora kuba zirimo: impfu imburagihe, kwiyongera kw’indwara z’ubuhumekero n’iz’umutima (bigaragazwa no kwiyongera kw’abantu binjira mu bitaro no kujya mu byumba byihutirwa, gusiba ishuri, kubura iminsi y’akazi, n’iminsi mike yo gukora) asima ikomeye, ibimenyetso by’ubuhumekero bukabije, bronchitis idakira, kugabanuka k’imikorere y’ibihaha no kwiyongera k’indwara y’umutima.

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'udukoko duhumanya mu ngo zacu no mu biro. Udukoko duturuka hanze turimo amasoko y'inganda, aho bubaka, amasoko y'umuriro, impongo, n'ibindi byinshi. Udukoko kandi tuva mu bikorwa bisanzwe byo mu nzu kuva mu guteka, gutembera ku itapi, amatungo yawe, sofa cyangwa ibitanda, ibyuma bikonjesha n'ibindi. Ingendo iyo ari yo yose cyangwa guhindagura bishobora kurema uduce tw'umwuka!