Imvubura zo mu nzu zisohora imyuka cyangwa uduce duto mu kirere ni zo mpamvu nyamukuru itera ibibazo by’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka wo mu nzu. Guhumeka nabi bishobora kongera urugero rw’imyanda yo mu nzu bitewe nuko nta mwuka uhagije wo hanze uhagije wo kugabanya imyuka iva mu nzu no kudatwara imyanda yo mu nzu mu gace. Ubushyuhe bwinshi n’ubushuhe bishobora kongera ubwinshi bw’imyanda imwe n’imwe.
Inkomoko y'Ibintu Bihumanya
Hari ahantu henshi hahumanya umwuka wo mu nzu. Harimo:
- Ibikoresho bitwika lisansi
- Ibikomoka ku itabi
- Ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi n'ibikoresho bitandukanye nka:
- Ubwishingizi bw'umuriro burimo asibesitosi bwangiritse
- Hashyizweho hasi, intebe cyangwa tapi nshya
- Ibikoresho byo mu nzu cyangwa ibikoresho bikozwe mu biti bimwe na bimwe byakaswe
- Ibikoresho byo gusukura no kubungabunga urugo, kwita ku buzima bwite, cyangwa ibyo kwishimisha
- Sisitemu zo gushyushya no gukonjesha zo hagati hamwe n'ibikoresho byo guhumeka
- Ubushuhe bwinshi
- Amasoko yo hanze nka:
- Radon
- Imiti yica udukoko
- Ihumana ry'ikirere cyo hanze.
Akamaro k'isoko rimwe gaterwa n'ingano y'imyanda iva mu bimera n'uburyo iyo myuka ihumanya ikora. Hari igihe ibintu nk'imyaka isoko imaze ndetse niba ibungabunzwe neza ni ingenzi. Urugero, ishyiga rya gaze ritahinduwe neza rishobora gusohora mozokside karubone nyinshi cyane kurusha iryahinduwe neza.
Amwe mu masoko, nk'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ibikoresho byo mu nzu n'ibindi bikoresho nk'ibinyabutabire bitanga umwuka mwiza, bishobora kurekura imyanda mu buryo buhoraho. Andi masoko, ajyanye n'ibikorwa nko kunywa itabi, gusukura, kongera gushariza cyangwa gukora ibintu ukunda, arekura imyanda mu buryo buhoraho. Ibikoresho bidafite umwuka cyangwa bidafite isuku cyangwa ibikoresho bikoreshwa nabi bishobora kurekura imyanda mu nzu mu buryo buri hejuru kandi rimwe na rimwe ikaba yateza akaga.
Ubwinshi bw'imyanda bushobora kuguma mu kirere igihe kirekire nyuma y'ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe.
Menya byinshi ku bijyanye n'imyuka ihumanya ikirere yo mu nzu n'amasoko ya:
- Asbestos
- Ibintu bihumanya ibidukikije
- Monoxide ya karuboni (CO)
- Ibicuruzwa bya Formaldehyde/Ibiti byakaswe
- Imbere (Pb)
- Dioxyde ya azote (NO2)
- Imiti yica udukoko
- Radon (Rn)
- Ibintu by'imbere mu nzu
- Umwotsi w'itabi uturuka ku bandi/ Umwotsi w'itabi uturuka ku bidukikije
- Amashyiga n'amashyiga ashyushya
- Ibikoresho byo gutwika n'amashyiga
- Ibinyabutabire by’umwimerere (VOCs)
Guhumeka nabi
Iyo umwuka wo hanze utari mwinshi cyane winjira mu nzu, imyanda ishobora kwirundanya kugeza ku rugero rushobora guteza ibibazo by’ubuzima n’ihumure. Keretse inyubako zubatswe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwihariye bwo guhumeka, izakozwe kandi zubatswe kugira ngo zigabanye ingano y’umwuka wo hanze ushobora “kuvogera” no gusohoka zishobora kugira urugero rwinshi rw’imyanda yo mu nzu.
Uburyo umwuka wo hanze winjira mu nyubako
Umwuka wo hanze ushobora kwinjira no gusohoka mu nyubako binyuze mu: kwinjira, guhumeka bisanzwe, no guhumeka hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga. Mu buryo bwitwa kwinjira, umwuka wo hanze winjira mu nyubako unyuze mu myobo, mu ngingo, no mu myenge iri mu nkuta, hasi, no mu gisenge, no hafi y'amadirishya n'inzugi. Mu guhumeka bisanzwe, umwuka unyura mu madirishya n'inzugi bifunguye. Ingendo z'umwuka zijyanye no kwinjira no guhumeka bisanzwe biterwa n'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe bw'umwuka hagati y'inzu no hanze ndetse n'umuyaga. Hanyuma, hari ibikoresho byinshi byo guhumeka hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, kuva ku bafana bafite umwuka wo hanze bakura umwuka mu cyumba kimwe, nko mu bwiherero no mu gikoni, kugeza kuri sisitemu zo gufata umwuka zikoresha abafana n'imiyoboro y'amazi kugira ngo bakure umwuka wo mu nzu buri gihe kandi bakwirakwize umwuka wo hanze wayunguruwe kandi ushyushye mu ngingo z'ingenzi mu nzu yose. Igipimo umwuka wo hanze usimbura umwuka wo mu nzu gisobanurwa nk'igipimo cyo guhanahana umwuka. Iyo hari ukwinjira guke, guhumeka karemano, cyangwa guhumeka hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, igipimo cyo guhanahana umwuka kiba kiri hasi kandi urugero rw'umwanda rushobora kwiyongera.
Biva kuri https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/introduction-indoor-air-quality
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-22-2022